What does running economy measure in an individual?

Running economy is a critical measure in exercise physiology that focuses on the efficiency with which a runner uses oxygen at a submaximal pace. When evaluating running economy, it reflects how effectively an individual can maintain their speed while using a lower amount of oxygen for energy production. A better running economy means that the runner can sustain their pace for a longer period with less energy expenditure relative to others.

This concept is significant for endurance athletes as improvements in running economy can lead to better performance without necessarily increasing the physiological stress on the body. Consequently, runners with good economy can complete long-distance races more efficiently, which is crucial for success in endurance events.

The maximum speed a person can run is unrelated to running economy, as it pertains to all-out effort rather than efficiency at a sustainable pace. Similarly, the amount of energy expended during sprinting does not encapsulate the concept of running economy, which emphasizes steady-state performance rather than maximum exertion. Lastly, while overall cardiovascular health is important for athletic performance and may indirectly influence running economy, it is not a direct measure of an individual's running efficiency.